These molecules have an amides bond (-C(=O)NH- that connects the carbonyl group of a carboxyl acid to the nitrogen atom of an amine.
The amides are widely used in the industry and in organic chemistry due to their versatility and various applications.
Characteristics
- Chemical structure: The amides have a characteristic structure with a nitrogen atom attached to a carbonyl group (-C(=O)NH-) in its center. This structure gives the amides particular properties and a wide range of applications.
- Merger and boiling point: The liars have higher melting and boiling points compared to alkanes and similar molecular mass alcohols due to the hydrogen bonds that can form between molecules.
- Solution: The amides are soluble in water and in many organic solvents due to the formation of hydrogen bonds and the presence of the carbonyl polar group.
- Acid properties: The amides are weak acidic substances. Under appropriate conditions, they can hydrolyse to form the corresponding carboxylic acid and amine.
- Basic Properties: Some amides may show weak basic properties, especially when they are heavily hovered or in the presence of strong acids.
- Reactivity against acids and bases: The amides can react with strong acids to form quaternary ammonium salts. In addition, they can react with strong bases to form beloved salts.
- Resonance: The amides can exhibit resonance between the pairs of electrons not shared in the nitrogen atom and the double carbon-oxygen bond, giving them stability and reactivity.
- Linking properties: The admonished can act as tying in metal complexes, forming coordinating links to metal ions.
- Industrial applications: The amides are widely used in the industry for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, polymers, herbicides, plasticisers, lubricants and many other compounds.
- Biological importance: The amides are present in a wide variety of essential biological compounds, such as peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and neurotransmitters, playing a vital role in the structure and function of living organisms.
Importance
The amides have great relevance in various scientific fields and industrial applications. Their ability to form hydrogen bonds, stability and chemical versatility make them compounds of interest in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, polymeric materials and specialized chemicals.
In addition, its presence in fundamental biological compounds highlights its importance in the chemistry of life.
The study and understanding of the characteristics of the amides are crucial for the advancement of organic chemistry, biochemistry and the development of new materials and medicines.